JLPT Grammar List
Every grammar point from N5 to N1, with how to form it and example sentences.
JLPT N3
124
| ～ないで | Express 'without doing ~' or 'without ~ing'. | |
| ～ずに | Express 'without doing' something or 'not doing' something. | |
| ～たものだ | Looks back with nostalgia on something one used to do; 'used to', 'would often'. | |
| ～どんなに～ことか | Expresses the extent of something or emphasizes the degree of a condition or situation. | |
| ～とく | Express doing something in advance or for future convenience (casual form of ～ておく). | |
| ～ちゃった | Express an unintentional action or a regretful action; 'ended up doing', 'did accidentally'. | |
| ～だらけ | Indicates that something is full of or covered with a certain (usually negative) characteristic. | |
| ～っぱなし | Indicate a state where an action is left as is (unchanged or unfinished). | |
| ～かけ | Expresses the meaning of being in the middle of doing something or of something being partway done. | |
| ～っぽい | Express that something seems like or has qualities of something, or that someone easily does something; '-ish', '-like', 'prone to'. | |
| ～たて | Indicates an action that has just been completed; 'freshly', 'just'. | |
| ～こと | Express an action in a nominal (noun-like) form or state fact or experience. | |
| ～まま | Express 'as it is', 'while' or 'unchanged state'. | |
| ～ことだ | Expresses advice or recommendation; 'should', 'it is important', 'it is necessary'. | |
| ～ことにしている | Express a personal rule or habit; 'I make it a rule to', 'I always make sure to'. | |
| ～ことになっている | Express a rule, custom, or arrangement decided by others 'it has been decided that', 'it is a rule to'. | |
| ～ことはない | Expresses that something doesn't need to be done or there's no occasion to do it; 'don't have to', 'not necessary'. | |
| ～ないことはない | Express the idea that 'it's not that it's impossible' or 'it's not that it cannot be done'. | |
| ～ことは…が | Indicates that while something may be true or valid, there is another contrasting point. | |
| ～てみる | A grammar structure used to express the action of trying or attempting something to see what happens. | |
| ～ようとしない | Not showing any sign or intention to do something. | |
| ～うとした | Express an attempted or about-to-happen action that often did not succeed or was interrupted; 'tried to', 'was about to'. | |
| ～ようと思う | Expresses the speaker's intention or plan to do something. | |
| ～ようにしましょう | A suggestion to make an effort or try to do something; 'let's try to', 'let's make sure to'. | |
| ～ようになった | Express an event or state that became possible; 'became able to', 'started to', 'now can'. | |
| ～ように言う | To convey a message, instruction or request to someone; 'to tell (someone) to', 'to say to (someone)'. | |
| ～ふりをする | Pretending or acting as if; 'pretend', 'act like'. | |
| ～つもりでした | Expressing a past intention or plan; 'was planning to', 'meant to'. | |
| ～ている | Passive with ている: an action being done to the subject, its remaining result, or a general practice; 'is being ~ed', 'has been ~ed'. | |
| ～わけだ | Expresses a logical conclusion or reason based on information; 'that's why', 'no wonder', 'it means'. | |
| ～わけがない | Expresses that something is impossible or unreasonable; 'there's no way', 'can't be'. | |
| ～わけではない | Denies a general assumption; 'it does not mean that', 'it's not the case'. | |
| ～べきだ | Express an obligation or something that should be done (mainly with verbs). | |
| まるで～よう | Used to express a strong resemblance or similarity; 'as if', 'just like', 'as though'. | |
| ～ほど～ | Express degree or extent; 'so ~ that', 'not as ~ as', 'the more ~, the more ~', 'about' with numbers. | |
| ～くらい | Expresses an approximate quantity or degree; 'about', 'approximately', or 'to the extent of'. | |
| ～くらい～は～ない | Express that nothing is as ~ as X, meaning X is the most ~; 'there is nothing as ~ as', 'no one is as ~ as'. | |
| ～ば～ほど | Expresses 'the more ~, the more ~'; a proportional relationship between two phrases. | |
| ～わけにはいかない | Expresses that something cannot be allowed or permitted due to social/moral obligations. | |
| ～てはじめて | Realization or action done for the first time; 'only after', 'not until'. | |
| ～さえ | Emphasizes a specific item or action; 'even', 'if only', 'as long as'. | |
| ～しかない | Express the idea of 'only', 'no other option but', 'nothing else but'. | |
| ～だけしか | Emphasizes the scarcity or insufficiency of something; 'only', 'nothing but'. | |
| ～ばかり | Expresses 'only', 'nothing but', 'always', 'just'. | |
| ～ばかりか | Not only... but also; more than just; not just | |
| すこしも〜ない | Express a negative state or action; 'not at all', 'none whatsoever'. | |
| まったく～ない | Completely not; not at all. | |
| ～めったに～ない | Used to express that something rarely, hardly ever or seldom happens. | |
| ～めったにない | Expresses the rarity of an action, event or state; 'hardly', 'rarely', 'seldom'. | |
| 決して～ない | Express 'never', 'by no means', or 'not at all' when negating a statement. |
Learn them with Nihondex
Spaced repetition, mnemonics and quizzes, from N5 to N1. Free to start.