All JLPT grammar
N3

~ことだ

Expresses advice or recommendation; 'should', 'it is important', 'it is necessary'.

At a glance

~ことだ gives strong, direct advice: "you should", "the best thing to do is". It is usually said by someone older or in a higher position to someone younger.

Verb (dictionary form) + ことだ
Verb (ない-form) + ことだ

分わからないときは、先生せんせいに聞きくことです。 When you don't understand, you should ask the teacher.


How to form it

Use the dictionary form for "you should do" and the ない-form for "you shouldn't do". For polite speech, change だ to です.

Verb group Positive Negative
う-verb 飲のむ 飲のむことだ 飲のまないことだ
る-verb 寝ねる 寝ねることだ 寝ねないことだ
する することだ しないことだ
来くる 来くることだ 来こないことだ
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Casual ~ことだ
Polite ~ことです

In this advice meaning, ことだ attaches to verbs.

Examples

  • 毎日まいにち運動うんどうすることだ。

    You should exercise every day.

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The rest of the lesson

When to use it, common mistakes, nuances and a quick check, with spaced repetition to make it stick.

Read the full lesson for free