JLPT Grammar List
Every grammar point from N5 to N1, with how to form it and example sentences.
JLPT N1
244
| Noun ならいざ知らず | Contrast an understandable case with the actual one, which is not acceptable; 'X might be one thing, but', 'if it were X, maybe, but'. | |
| Noun + ならでは | Expresses something unique or characteristic only of that noun; 'only found in', 'only possible with'. | |
| Noun なり Noun なり | Lists alternatives of the same kind; 'either A or B', 'A or B, for example'. | |
| Noun なりとも | Indicates even a small amount or degree; 'at least', 'even a little'. | |
| Noun に Noun を重ねて | Stress a great amount of repeated effort or hardship, usually before a result; 'effort upon effort', 'again and again'. | |
| Noun にあっては | Indicates a specific situation or environment in which something happens or is the case. | |
| Noun にあるまじき Noun | Expresses the idea of 'unfitting', 'unbecoming' or 'inappropriate'. | |
| Noun にして | Formal: 'at (the age or stage of)', 'while also being', or 'even for (someone of that level)'. | |
| Noun にして初めて | Stress that only someone at N's level can do something, or that something first happened at a late age; 'only N can', 'not until'. | |
| Noun にすら | Expresses the concept of 'even'; 'even in', 'even as', 'even to'. | |
| Noun にとどまらず～も | This expresses the idea of 'not only...but also', 'not stopping at...'. | |
| Noun にひきかえ Noun は | Represents 'in contrast to', 'as opposed to'. | |
| Noun にもまして | This expresses 'Even more than; exceeding'. | |
| Noun によらず | Regardless of, irrespective of. | |
| Noun に先駆けて | Meaning 'ahead of', 'before', or 'preceding in time'. | |
| Noun に即した Noun | Expresses the idea of 'in accordance with', 'based on'. | |
| Noun に即して Verb | The grammar point Noun に即して Verb is used to mean 'to act in accordance with', 'in line with' or 'based on'. | |
| Noun に言わせれば | Present something as one person's own, often critical, opinion; 'if you ask', 'in the opinion of'. | |
| Noun に限ったことではない | Indicates that something is not only limited to; 'not only', 'not just'. | |
| Noun に限ったことでもない | 'Not limited to'; 'not just', 'not exclusively'. | |
| Noun に限る | Expresses the idea that 'nothing but', 'nothing is better than'. | |
| Verb ぬいた Noun | A noun that results from doing something thoroughly, to the very end; 'thoroughly ~ed', 'carefully ~ed'. | |
| Noun + ぬいて（~nuite) | To leave out or skip something; 'without', 'leaving out'. | |
| ～ぬく | Expresses the concept of doing something completely or thoroughly. | |
| Noun+のいかんだ | Depends on; up to | |
| Noun のいかんでは | Depending on how something turns out, a certain outcome is possible; 'depending on', 'in some cases'. | |
| Noun のいかんにかかわらず | Regardless of, irrespective of. | |
| Noun のいかんによっては | Depending on the matter; depending on noun | |
| Noun のいかんによらず | Means 'regardless of', 'irrespective of', or 'no matter' | |
| Noun のごとき Noun | Expresses 'like' or 'as if'; something/someone resembles something else strongly. | |
| Noun のことだから | Make a judgment or guess based on what one knows about someone's character or habits; 'knowing ~', 'since it's ~'. | |
| Noun の 嫌いがある | Has an undesirable tendency toward something; 'tends to', 'has a touch of'. | |
| Noun の手前 | Out of concern for how one looks in front of someone; 'in front of', 'out of consideration for'. | |
| Noun の極み | Used to express the extreme or utmost point of something. | |
| Noun の 至り | Expresses 'the height of', 'the extreme of' something. | |
| Noun はいざ知らず | ‘I can understand it for ~, but for …? (surprising)’ | |
| Noun はおろか～すら | Expresses 'not to mention ~, even ~'. | |
| Noun はおろか～まで | Stress that even B, a more extreme or surprising case, applies, so A obviously does; 'let alone A, even B', 'not to mention A'. | |
| Noun はおろか～も | 'Not only...but also', 'not to mention', 'to say nothing of' | |
| Noun はさておき | Means 'putting aside', 'aside from', 'notwithstanding'. | |
| Noun + はどうであれ | This phrase means 'regardless of' or 'no matter how…'. | |
| Noun まみれ | Expresses a state in which something is entirely covered or filled with something else. | |
| Noun もさることながら Noun も | Means 'not only... but also'; the second noun is especially emphasized. | |
| Noun も兼ねて | Show that an action also serves an extra purpose; 'also as', 'partly for', 'while also'. | |
| Noun も相まって | Used to express that combined with something else, it caused a certain outcome. | |
| Noun を おいて他に Verb ない | Means 'apart from ~ there's nothing else,' implying the Noun is the best or most suitable choice. | |
| Noun をもって | Used to indicate means, methods, or time; 'with', 'by means of', 'at'. | |
| Noun をものともせずに | Expresses the idea that 'despite something, action was carried out', translating to 'without being fazed by something'. | |
| Noun をよそに | Despite; Notwithstanding; Regardless of | |
| Noun を余儀なくされる | Expresses the idea of being forced into a certain situation, 'to be compelled', 'to be obliged'. |
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