N5 Verb List

N5

N5動詞リスト

All verbs you need for N5, sorted by conjugation class (Ichidan, Godan, irregular) with て-form patterns.

Every Japanese verb belongs to one of three groups. The group gives you the single rule to conjugate it, so learning the group is just as important as learning the verb itself.

Special (4 verbs)

する and 来る are fully irregular. 行く and ある each have one exception.

→ Memorize each form separately.

る-verb

Ends in いる or える. Drop る, then add any ending.

食べ → 食べ / 食べない
う-verb

All other verbs. The last sound shifts depending on the ending.

→ 書いて / 書かない

All N5 verbs by topic

= る-verb   = う-verb   = special

Going & Coming

いくto go
くるto come
かえかえるto go home, to return
でるto leave, to exit
出掛でかけるでかけるto go out, to head out
はいはいるto enter, to go in
のるto ride, to get on (train, bus…)
りるおりるto get off, to get out
つくto arrive
わたわたるto cross (a road, bridge…)

Moving & Exercise

あるあるくto walk
はしはしるto run
およおよぐto swim
たつto stand up
すわすわるto sit down
とぶto fly, to jump

Daily Routines

きるおきるto wake up, to get up
ねるto sleep, to go to bed
きるto wear (clothing)
ぬぐto take off (clothes)
びるあびるto take a shower, to bathe
あらあらうto wash
みがみがくto brush (teeth), to polish
やすやすむto rest, to take a day off

Eating & Drinking

べるたべるto eat
のむto drink, to swallow

Talking & Listening

はなはなすto speak, to talk
いうto say, to tell
きくto hear, to listen, to ask
こたえるこたえるto answer, to reply
よぶto call out (to someone)

Studying & Learning

みるto see, to watch, to look at
よむto read
かくto write
おしえるおしえるto teach, to tell
おぼえるおぼえるto memorize, to remember
わすれるわすれるto forget
ならならうto learn (from a teacher)
せるみせるto show
りるかりるto borrow
かすto lend

Living & Working

すむto live, to reside
はたらはたらくto work
あうto meet, to see (a person)
あそあそぶto play, to hang out
まつto wait
うたうたうto sing
たのたのむto ask, to request

Handling Things

かうto buy
うるto sell
使つかつかうto use
もつto hold, to have, to carry
とるto take, to pick up
とるto take (a photo)
つくつくるto make, to cook, to build
おくto put, to place
きるto cut
だすto take out, to hand in
かえかえすto return (something)
わたわたすto hand over, to pass
おすto push, to press
けるあけるto open (something)
めるしめるto close (something)
れるいれるto put in, to insert
けるつけるto attach, to turn on

States & Changes

あるあるto be, to exist (things)
いるto be, to exist (people & animals)
かるわかるto understand
しるto know
出来できできるto be able to, can
つかれるつかれるto get tired
はじめるはじめるto start (something)
はじまるはじまるto start (by itself)
わるおわるto finish, to end
あくto open (by itself)
まるしまるto close (by itself)
まるとまるto stop (moving)
えるきえるto disappear, to go out
れるはれるto clear up (weather)
ふるto fall (rain, snow)
まれるうまれるto be born
しぬto die

Watch out: these う-verbs end in る

They look exactly like る-verbs, but they are NOT. They follow う-verb rules.

はしかえはいつくかるすわわるはじまるまるまるわたがる

Tip: if the sound before る is not い or え, it is always an う-verb.

Conjugation at a glance

る-verb: drop る, then add the ending

て-form

食べ

ない-form

食べない

ます-form

食べます

た-form

食べ

う-verb: last sound changes by ending

て-form pattern

う / つ / る → って 買う→買って

く → いて 書く→書いて

ぐ → いで 泳ぐ→泳いで

す → して 話す→話して

む / ぶ / ぬ → んで 飲む→飲んで

ない-form: change to あ-row

→ 書ない

→ 飲ない

→ 帰ない

→ 買ない ⚠️ う→わ

Special: memorize these

する

して

しない

きて

こない

いって ⚠️

いかない

ある

あって

ない ⚠️