All JLPT grammar
N1

Verb ては

Expresses a repeated pattern or cycle, often implying a frustrating outcome; 'whenever X happens, Y happens again.'

At a glance

Verb ては describes a pattern that repeats: "whenever X happens, Y happens (again)". The result is often unwanted or frustrating.

Verb て-form + は + result (repeated)
V1 て-form + は + V2 stem、V1 て-form + は + V2 stem

弟おとうとは新あたらしいゲームを買かってはすぐ飽あきる。 My little brother keeps buying new games and getting bored with them right away.


How to form it

Make the て-form of the verb and add は. The doubled pattern repeats "V1 ては V2 stem".

Verb group Dictionary form ては form Example
う-verb 書かく 書かいては 書かいては消けし、書かいては消けし
る-verb 食たべる 食たべては 食たべては寝ねる
する する しては 練習れんしゅうしては失敗しっぱいする
来る 来くる 来きては 遊あそびに来きてはお金かねを借かりていく

The ては part does not change for tense. Past is shown only at the end: 泳およいでは叱しかられた "I kept swimming and getting scolded".

Examples

  • 彼女かのじょに会あっては、いつも緊張きんちょうしてしまいます。

    Whenever I meet her, I get nervous.

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The rest of the lesson

When to use it, common mistakes, nuances and a quick check, with spaced repetition to make it stick.

Read the full lesson for free