At a glance
が has two jobs. It marks the subject of a sentence, especially new information, and at the end of a clause it means "but".
[Subject] が [Predicate]。
[Clause 1] が、[Clause 2]。
猫が寝ています。 The cat is sleeping.
How to form it
| Use | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Subject (new information) | 友達が来ました。 | A friend came. |
| Question word as subject | 誰が来ましたか。 | Who came? |
| Thing liked, wanted, understood | 私は犬が好きです。 | I like dogs. |
| With あります / います | 机の上に本があります。 | There's a book on the desk. |
| "But" after a clause | 雨が降っていますが、出かけます。 | It's raining, but I'll go out. |
For "but", が comes after a full clause: 高いですが / 高いが. Nouns and な-adjectives need です or だ first: 学生ですが, 静かですが.