All JLPT grammar
N5

~が

Particle indicating the subject of a sentence or expressing 'but'.

At a glance

が has two jobs. It marks the subject of a sentence, especially new information, and at the end of a clause it means "but".

[Subject] が [Predicate]。
[Clause 1] が、[Clause 2]。

猫ねこが寝ねています。 The cat is sleeping.


How to form it

Use Example Meaning
Subject (new information) 友達ともだちが来きました。 A friend came.
Question word as subject 誰だれが来きましたか。 Who came?
Thing liked, wanted, understood 私わたしは犬いぬが好すきです。 I like dogs.
With あります / います 机つくえの上うえに本ほんがあります。 There's a book on the desk.
"But" after a clause 雨あめが降ふっていますが、出でかけます。 It's raining, but I'll go out.

For "but", が comes after a full clause: 高たかいですが / 高たかいが. Nouns and な-adjectives need です or だ first: 学生がくせいですが, 静しずかですが.

Examples

  • 私わたしが学生がくせいです。

    I am the one who is a student.

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The rest of the lesson

When to use it, common mistakes, nuances and a quick check, with spaced repetition to make it stick.

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