All JLPT grammar
N1

~ずにすんだ

Expresses the idea of 'was able to do without'; 'managed to avoid'.

At a glance

~ずに済すんだ means "managed without doing ~" or "didn't have to ~ after all". You use it when something you expected to have to do, or were worried about, turned out to be unnecessary.

Verb (ない-form without ない) + ずに済んだ

友達ともだちが手伝てつだってくれたので、徹夜てつやせずに済すんだ。 My friend helped me, so I didn't have to stay up all night.


How to form it

Take the ない-form, drop ない, and add ずに済すんだ.

Verb group Dictionary form ない-form ~ずに済んだ
う-verb 行いく 行いかない 行いかずに済すんだ
る-verb 食たべる 食たべない 食たべずに済すんだ
する する しない せずに済すんだ
来る 来くる 来こない 来こずに済すんだ

済すむ itself conjugates like a normal う-verb:

Form Polite Casual
Present ~ずに済すみます ~ずに済すむ
Past ~ずに済すみました ~ずに済すんだ
て-form ~ずに済すんで ~ずに済すんで

Examples

  • 彼かれは事故じこを起おこさずにすんだ。

    He managed to avoid having an accident.

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The rest of the lesson

When to use it, common mistakes, nuances and a quick check, with spaced repetition to make it stick.

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