All JLPT grammar
N2

~か~ないかのうちに

Expresses an action that occurs immediately after another action; 'as soon as', 'no sooner than', 'the moment'.

At a glance

~か~ないかのうちに means "as soon as" or "no sooner than". The second action happens almost at the same moment as the first, sometimes before the first is even finished.

Verb (dictionary form) + か + same verb (ない form) + かのうちに、B

ベルが鳴なるか鳴ならないかのうちに、学生がくせいたちは教室きょうしつを出でていった。 The moment the bell rang, the students left the classroom.


How to form it

Use the same verb twice: first in the dictionary form, then in the ない form.

Verb group Example verb Pattern
う-verb 着つく 着つくか着つかないかのうちに
る-verb 寝ねる 寝ねるか寝ねないかのうちに
する する するかしないかのうちに
来る 来くる 来くるか来こないかのうちに

The first verb can also be in the た form: 終おわったか終おわらないかのうちに.

The verbs inside the pattern stay in plain form. Politeness goes at the end of the sentence.

Examples

  • 授業じゅぎょうが終おわるか終おわらないかのうちに、学生がくせいたちは教室きょうしつを出でた。

    The class had barely ended when the students left the classroom.

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The rest of the lesson

When to use it, common mistakes, nuances and a quick check, with spaced repetition to make it stick.

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