All JLPT grammar
N3

~ないと

Negative condition: 'if you don't do A, B happens'. With B left unsaid it means 'I have to'.

At a glance

~ないと means "if you don't do A, B happens". B is usually something unwanted. When B is left unsaid, the sentence means "I have to do A" in casual speech.

Verb (ない form) + と、[result]
Verb (ない form) + と。    (= I have to ...)

早はやく出でないと、遅おくれるよ。 If you don't leave soon, you'll be late.


How to form it

Add と to the plain negative (ない form) of the verb:

Verb group Dictionary form ない form ~ないと
う-verb 行いく 行いかない 行いかないと
る-verb 食たべる 食たべない 食たべないと
する 勉強べんきょうする 勉強べんきょうしない 勉強べんきょうしないと
来くる 来くる 来こない 来こないと

The ないと part usually stays in plain form. Politeness goes at the end of the sentence: 早はやく出でないと、遅おくれます。

Examples

  • 朝食ちょうしょくを食たべないと、お腹なかが空すく。

    If I don't eat breakfast, I will be hungry.

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The rest of the lesson

When to use it, common mistakes, nuances and a quick check, with spaced repetition to make it stick.

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