All JLPT grammar
N4

Verb るときに

Describes the time when a certain action takes place; 'when', 'at the time'.

At a glance

Verb (dictionary form) + ときに means "when (I) do ~" or "at the time of doing ~". The main action happens at that time, or on the way to doing it.

Verb (dictionary form) + ときに、[main clause]

家いえを出でるときに、鍵かぎをかけます。 I lock the door when I leave the house.


How to form it

Put the verb in dictionary form (or ない form for "when not ~"), then add ときに.

Verb group Dictionary form + ときに Negative + ときに
う-verb 行いくときに 行いかないときに
る-verb 食たべるときに 食たべないときに
する するときに しないときに
来くる 来くるときに 来こないときに

The verb before ときに stays in dictionary form. Past tense and politeness go at the end of the sentence: 出でるときに、鍵かぎをかけました.

Examples

  • 映画えいがを見みるときに、ポップコーンを食たべます。

    When I watch a movie, I eat popcorn.

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The rest of the lesson

When to use it, common mistakes, nuances and a quick check, with spaced repetition to make it stick.

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